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A By J O H N.B U N Y A N. Published by Charles Doe, 1692. Published four years after John Bunyan's death. |
CHAPTER VIII.
OF THE SHIELDS AND TARGETS THAT WERE IN THE HOUSE OF THE FOREST OF LEBANON.
s this house of the forest of Lebanon was that which, in the general,
prefigured the state of the church in the wilderness, so it was accoutered with such
military materials as suited her in such a condition, that is to say, with shields,
and targets; consequently with other warlike things. "And king Solomon made
two hundred targets of beaten gold, six hundred shekels of gold went to one target,
and he made three hundred shields of beaten gold; [three pound] or three hundred
shekels of gold went to one shield. And the king put them in the house of the forest
of Lebanon" (1 Kings 10:16,17; 2 Chron 9:15,16).
This supposes that the house of the forest of Lebanon would be attacked by the enemy.
And good reason there was for such a supposition, since it was built for defence
of that worship that was set up in the church. Hence it is said, when the enemy used
to come with his chariots and horsemen against them, that they "did look in
that day to the armour of the house of the forest" (Isa 22:7,8). That was, to
see how they were prepared at Lebanon, to make resistance against their foes, and
to secure themselves and their religion from that destruction that by the enemy was
designed should be made upon both. And thus again, or in this thing, the house of
the forest of Lebanon shows that it was a figure of the church of the wilderness;
for she also is furnished with such weapons as were counted by the wisdom of God
necessary for the security of the soul, and Christian religion, to wit, "the
weapons of our warfare," "the whole armour of God" (2 Cor 10:4).
For though this house of the forest of Lebanon was a place of defence, yet her armour
is described and directed too, both as to matter and to measure. It was armour made
of gold, such armour, and so much of it. And it was made by direction of Solomon,
who was a type of Christ, by the power of whose grace and working our armour is also
provided for us, as in the texts afore-mentioned may appear. By this description,
therefore, of the armour of the house of the forest of Lebanon we are confined, that
being a type to the armour of God, in the antitype thereto for the defence of the
Christian religion. We then may make use of none but the armour of God for defence
of our souls, and the worship of God; this alone is the golden armour provided by
our Solomon, and put in the house of the forest of Lebanon, or rather in the church
in the wilderness, for her to resist the enemy withal.
Two hundred targets. There is but little mention made of targets in the Bible, nor
at all expressly how they were used, but once; and that was when Goliah came to defy
Israel, he came, as with other warlike furniture, so "with a target of brass
between his shoulders" (1 Sam 17:6). A target, that is, saith the margin, a
gorget. A gorget is a thing wore about the neck, and it serveth in that place instead
of a shield. Wherefore in some of your old Bibles, that which in one place is called
a target, in another is called a shield.[12] A shield for that part. This piece of armour,
I suppose, was worn in old time by them that used spears, and it was to guard the
upper part of the back and shoulders from the arrows of their enemies, that were
shot into the air, to the intent they might fall upon the upper part of the body.
The shields were for them which drew bows, and they were to catch or beat off those
arrows that were levelled at them by the enemy before. "Asa had" at one
time "an army of men that bare targets and spears, out of Judah three hundred
thousand, and out of Benjamin that bare shields, and drew bows, two hundred and fourscore
thousand" (2 Chron 14:8).
I cannot tell what the target should signify here, unless it was to show that those
in the type were more weak and faint-hearted than those in the antitype: for in that
this gorget was prepared for some back part of the body, it supposed the wearers
subject to run away, to flee. But in the description of the Christian armour, we
have no provision for the back; so our men in the church in the wilderness are supposed
to be more stout. Their face is made strong against the face of their enemies, and
their foreheads strong against their foreheads (Eze 3:8,9). The shield was a type
of the Christian faith, and so the apostle applies it. The which he also counteth
a principal piece of our Christian armour when he saith, "Above all taking the
shield of faith, wherewith ye shall be able to quench all the fiery darts of the
wicked" (Eph 6:16). These targets and shields were made of gold, to show the
excellent worth of this armour of God; to wit, that it is not carnal but spiritual,
not human but divine; nor common or mean, but of an infinite value. Wherefore James,
alluding to this, saith, "Hearken, my beloved brethren, Hath not God chosen
the poor of this world rich in faith," (hath he not given them this golden shield)
and made them "heirs of the kingdom which he hath promised to them that love
him?" (James 2:5).
Faith! Peter saith, faith, in the very trial of it, is much more precious than is
gold that perisheth. If so, then what is that worth, or value, that is in the grace
itself? (1 Peter 1:7). This also is that which Christ intends when he says, "buy
of me gold tried in the fire, that thou mayest be rich" (Rev 3:18).
And methinks the apostles and the Lord Jesus Christ do in all these places allude
to the shields, the shields of gold, that Solomon made, and put in the house of the
forest of Lebanon; which house, as I have showed, was that which indeed prefigured
the state of the church in the wilderness; and these shields a type of faith.
Obj. But here is mention made of nothing but shields and targets.
Answ. True, and that perhaps to show us that the war that the church makes with Antichrist
is rather defensive than offensive. Shields and targets are weapons defensive, weapons
provided for self-preservation, not to hurt others with. A Christian also, if he
can but defend his soul in the sincere profession of the true religion, doth what
by duty, as to this, he is bound. Wherefore though the New Testament admits him to
put on the whole armour of God, yet the whole and every part thereof is spiritual,
and only defensive. True, there is mention made of the sword, but that sword "is
the Word of God" (Eph 6:17). A weapon that hurteth none, none at all but the
devil and sin, and those that love it. Indeed it was made for Christians to defend
themselves, and their religion with, against hell and the angels of darkness. These
two pieces of armour then that Solomon the king did put into the house of the forest
of Lebanon, were types of the spiritual armour that the church in the wilderness
should make use of. And as we read of no more that was put there, at least to be
typical, so we read of, and must use no more than we are bid to put on by the apostle,
for the defence of true religion.
Obj. But he that shall use none other than this, must look to come off a loser.
Answ. In the judgment of the world this is true; but not in the judgment of them
that have skill, and a heart to use it. For this armour is not Saul's, which David
refused, but God's, by which the lives of all those have been secured that put it
on, and handled it well. You read of some of David's mighty men of valour, that their
"faces were like the faces of lions, and" that they "were as swift"
of foot "as the roes upon the mountains" (1 Chron 12:8). Being expert in
handling spear and shield.
Why, God's armour makes a man's face look thus, also it makes him that useth it more
lively and active than before. God's armour is no burden to the body, nor clog to
the mind, but rather a natural, instead of an artificial, fortification.
But this armour comes not to any but out of the king's hand; Solomon put these targets
and shields into the house of the forest of Lebanon. So Christ distributeth his armour
to his church. Hence it is said it is given to his to suffer for him. It is given
to his by himself, and on his behalf (Phil 1:29).
That is, that they might with it fight those battles which he shall manage against
Antichrist. Hence they are called the armies in heaven, and are said to follow their
Lord "upon white horses clothed in fine linen, white and clean." But, as
I said, still their war was but defensive. For a little further do but observe, and
you shall find the beast fall upon him. "And I saw the beast, and the kings
of the earth, and their armies gathered together, to make war against him that sat
on the horse, and against his army" (Rev 19:14,19). It is they that fall on,
it is they that pick the quarrel, and give the onset. Besides, the armour, as I said,
is only spiritual; wherefore the slaughter must needs be spiritual also. Hence as
here it is said the Lamb did slay his enemies, by the sword, spirit, or breath of
his mouth; so his army also slays them by the fire that proceedeth out of his mouth
(Rev 1:16, 19:21).
Here is therefore no man's person in danger by this war. And I say again, so far
as any man's person is in danger, it is by wrong managing of this war. True, the
persons of the Christians are in danger, but that is because of the bloody disposition
of an antichristian enemy. But we speak now with reference to the Lamb and the army
that follows him; and as to them, no man's person is in danger simply as such. Wherefore,
it is not men but sin; not men, but the man of sin, that wicked one, that the Son
of God makes war against, in and by his church (2 Thess 2:8; Heb 12:4).
Let us therefore state the matter right; no man needs be afraid to let Jesus Christ
be chief in the world, he envies nobody, he designs the hurt of none: his kingdom
is not of this world, nor doth he covet temporal matters; let but his wife, his church
alone, to enjoy her purchased privileges, and all shall be well. Which privileges
of hers, since they are soul concerns, make no infringement upon any man's liberties.
Let but faith and holiness walk the streets without control, and you may be as happy
as the world can make you. I speak now to them that contend with him.
But if seasonable counsel will not go down, if hardness of heart and blindness of
mind, and so perishing from the way, shall overtake you, it is but what you of old
have been cautioned of. "Be wise now therefore, O ye kings; be instructed, ye
judges of the earth. Serve the Lord with fear, and rejoice with trembling. Kiss the
Son, lest he be angry, and ye perish from the way, when his wrath is kindled but
a little. Blessed are all they that put their trust in him" (Psa 2:10-12).
Now let this also that has been said upon this head, be another argument to prove
that the house of the forest of Lebanon was a type of the church in the wilderness.
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